Category Archives: World Opinion

Kolkata’s truffle rosogolla gets Forbes stamp

Kolkata :

For the last 11 years, this entrepreneur has experimented with sweets, taking his traditional yet popular family business to the next level. Today, this 33-year-old director of Balaram Mullick and Radharaman Mullick Sweets has made it to the list of six most promising entrepreneurs in the country selected by Forbes India Magazine.

Sudip Mullick displays some of the innovative sweets at his shop.
Sudip Mullick displays some of the innovative sweets at his shop.

While working in the Oberoi Grand kitchen, Sudip Mullick picked up a European taste for desserts and dreamt of fusing them with the typical Bengali sweets their family shop was famous for. Now, the once-traditional sweetshop has become a one-stop destination for new age fusion mishti in the city.

Sudip is ecstatic that his efforts have got the 130-year-old brand recognized by Forbes India.

Names like strudles, pudding, truffles and souffles are now common on the Balaram Mullick racks and though they are mostly variants of the traditional sandesh and Bengali rosh er mishti in their myriad forms, you will be confused as to whether you are tasting a European delicacy or a Bengali favourite.

Sudip has mechanized the entire process by using machines he imported from Denmark, Taiwan, Japan and Italy, and fused various processes to churn out his own delicacies.

The Japanese machine used to make rice dust desserts there is used to make the jol bhora sandesh with a Japanese twist, the machine from Denmark that is used to churn out pure chocolate truffles is used to make chocolate-coated sandesh and rossogolla truffle and the Italian machines designed to make cookies are making golapi pera sandesh. There is a type of singara being made by a German machine originally used to bake patties.

“People have become health conscious and they avoid deep fried savories. The baked singaras have a big fan following,” Sudip said.

Other promising entrepreneurs on the Forbes list are Rahul Gonzalvez of Bangalore, for his digital design agency, Ashoke Thakur, for churning out vada paos by thousands in Mumbai’s Dadar, Sirish Duttatreya who is a third-generation second-hand book shop owner with over 9,00,000 titles in Pune and Parvatlal Kanhaiyalal Dubey who is the country’s biggest wedding planner.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / News Home> City> Kolkata / by Jhimli Mukherjee Pandey, TNN / August 14th, 2015

Les Clefs d’Or India Concierge holds its 9th AGM in Kolkata

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Les Clefs d’Or India Concierge recently held its ninth Annual General Meeting (AGM) in Kolkata recently.

The AGM was inaugurated by Zaid Farooqi, resident manager, Taj Bengal, Kolkata; James Ridenour chief concierge, InterContinental, Sydney and general secretary, Les Clefs d’Or International; Stephen Fernandes, past president, Les Clefs d’Or India; and Edwin Saldanha, president, Les Clefs d’Or India and Asian zone director, Les Clefs d’Or International.

Regional presentations were made by Rajesh Kumar Yadav from northern region, Sachin Singh and Apeksha Boricha from western region, David Aaron from eastern region, and Sri Kishen from southern region.

The treasurer and PRO reports were shared by Arun Baidya and Shaunak Vengurlekar respectively, and a speech on current trends was given by George Kuruvilla, general manager, The Oberoi Grand, Kolkata. A brand presentation on social media was conducted by James Ridenour who urged for maximum participation in the communications committee.

The new executive committee for the period 2015-2017 was also announced during the AGM.

The AGM continued with the opening of networking eve by Samrat Dutta, general manager, Taj Bengal Kolkata.

During the pinning ceremony 32 new members received adherent membership to Les Clefs d’Or India and 36 adherent members were upgraded to full membership status.

The UICH Honorary Member was awarded to Biswajit Chakraborty, general manager, Sofitel BKC, Mumbai for his contribution and support extended to the concierge society in India.

This was followed by the Concierge of the Year 2015 award which was given to Debayan Ghosh from Shangri-La, Bengaluru.

source: http://www.financialexpress.com / Home> Food & Hospitality World / by FWH Staff – Mumbai / August 18th, 2015

US college beckons colony boy

Manish Chowdhury steps out of his hut in Nazrul Pally. Picture by Sudeshna Banerjee
Manish Chowdhury steps out of his hut in Nazrul Pally. Picture by Sudeshna Banerjee

A college seat for an engineering degree and now a chance to specialise in multi-media over a year. Manish Chowdhury, the son of a housekeeping department staffer at Nicco Park, is dreaming big and this Friday the dream closest to his heart will take wing when he boards an Emirates flight for the United States.

He has qualified for a course in media studies at Northeast Wisconsin Technical College. The 19-year-old will study there on a scholarship as part of the Community College Initiative Program, sponsored by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the United States department of state.

“The Community College Initiative Program is designed to provide leadership training and an enriching educational experience for students from underserved communities around the world. Manish impressed us with his dedication to community service through his volunteer work at the NGO Prayasam. His superior academic record of obtaining a first division in the higher secondary science stream, passing the mandatory written English test, and his ability to express his goals clearly and enthusiastically during the interview carried him through,” Andrew Posner, public affairs officer, US consulate general, told The Telegraph Salt Lake.

Proficiency in English for a student who studied in a Bengali medium school (Acharya Prafulla Chandra Higher Secondary School for Boys in BK Block) did not come easy.

Manish at home with his mother and sister. (Sudeshna Banerjee)
Manish at home with his mother and sister. (Sudeshna Banerjee)

Working in the community since 2012 with the CG Block-based Prayasam (he is now the NGO’s group leader from Nazrul Pally), he was picked for the group’s Ontrack programme in which emphasis is laid on English language skills as well as soft skills. “It was a delight to teach him as he is so focused and so eager to learn,” said president Piyali Mazumdar.
Manish cleared the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), scoring 520 out of 600 marks. “We had to answer 70 multiple choice questions asked through headphones.”

The second year student of mechanical engineering at Techno India is a resident of Nazrul Pally. That’s the colony to the left of the bridge when approaching from Sector V to New Town. The brick-lined approach road into the locality starts from a cow shed under the bridge. The lane meanders by ponds on one side and two-storeyed shanties on the other where women in nighties with a dupatta flung over the bosom stand chatting in huddles. Off the brick lane, an alley, barely five feet wide, wends in through facing thatched bamboo hutments. In a dingy ground floor room of one, Manish stays with his parents and sister.

“My father has been saving up ever since I did well in Madhyamik,” says the tall sturdy boy, brimming with determination. His Madhyamik score was a creditable 78 per cent. “Father encouraged me to study science as his dream was to make me an engineer even if it meant funding a course in a costly private college.” The first semester’s fees have been paid at
Techno India and Prayasam has filed an application on his behalf seeking a waiver of his tuition fees.
Manmohan Chowdhury himself has studied till Class VII. “I did not dream of building a house and even sacrificed on day-to-day luxuries. My only goal has been education for my son,” says Manish’s father. He earns around Rs 8,000 but works overtime to earn another Rs 3-4,000.

Other than pursuing his engineering degree, Manish has been working hard at the Grassroots Film Studio set up at Prayasam, with support from Adobe Foundation. “I have made three short films so far.” The last has been screened at a number of places, from Nandan to IIM Joka, along with the other productions from the studio.
As part of his preparation, Manish is watching English news these days on the small TV set at home. “I have also watched a few Hollywood films to get used to the American accent.”

With Manish set to fly abroad, there is a buzz in the colony. No one in the area, after all, has travelled so far. Neighbours stop by to ask when he is leaving. “The only worry is what kind of food he will get,” admits mother Leena, adding that her son has never been away from home for so long. “As long as we get some news of him from time to time…” her voice trails off.

source: http://www.telegraphindia.com / The Telegraph, Calcutta,India / Front Page> Salt Lake> Story / by Sudeshna Banerjee / Friday – July 31st, 2015

Devdas: A classic is back home

India succeeds in obtaining rare original print of talkie version of ‘Devdas’

In a priceless acquisition, the National Film Archive of India (NFAI), after decades of negotiation, has finally succeeding in obtaining a rare original print of the country’s first talkie version of Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay classic novella, Devdas, from the Bangladesh government on Monday.

The 1935 version was filmed in Bengali and was directed by the legendary Pramathesh Barua, who cast himself in the title role of the doomed, narcissistic lover. Mr. Barua’s film was a blistering critique of Indian feudal mores and customs.

Such was Mr. Barua’s passion for the literary classic that he remade it twice, helming it in Hindi in 1936 with iconic singer K.L. Saigal in the role of Devdas and in 1937 again in Assamese, with the renowned theatre actor-playwright Phani Sarma in the titular role.

All Indian prints of this version were lost decades ago in a fire that destroyed the Kolkata-based New Theatres, which produced this film.

A severely mangled copy of the film, the only one, was traced by the NFAI to the Bangladeshi Film archives in the 1970s.

A Bangladeshi delegation led by Ministry of Information Secretary Martuza Ahmad met with NFAI Director Prakash Magdum and handed over the print of the film.

source: http://www.thehindu.com / The Hindu / Home> Cities> Kolkata / by Shoumojit Banerjee / Pune – August 18th, 2015

Diplomat seeks revival of French connection of Chandernagore

Kolkata :

Outgoing French Consul-General in Kolkata Fabrice Etienne, whose second innings in the city comes to an end this month, celebrates the cultural bond that links the city with Paris, but bemoans the fading French connection with Chandernagore.

Q. Your first posting was in this very city 20 monsoons ago. What was your first impression back then?

A. I was first impressed by the excessive sides of Calcutta — too many people, too many cars, too much noise, too much heat, too much rain. The old, and often decayed, colonial buildings of central Calcutta and what remained of the palaces of north Calcutta left its mark. I had the feeling I had been transported to a place rich with a thousand stories.

Q. Cut to 2015, how much has the city changed in your eyes?

When I first returned to Kolkata in 2004, I was pleasantly surprised — the streets were cleaner, some shopping malls had come up, some flyovers were built, some old buildings renovated and repainted that gave the city a more modern look. In 2012, this impression was confirmed and yet at the same time, I felt the very soul of Kolkata was still very much there, and the soul of Kolkata, is its people and the great culture they carry within them.

Q. Do you have any bitter memories during your stay here?

A. Road accidents that have struck my Bengali friends. Nothing really has been done to improve the road conditions in India—it is not only a Kolkata issue—and reduce the number of fatalities. This bothers me to no end, especially because the social and economic gains are directly related to a fluid traffic flow. It is true for environment protection. And of course, I do feel a little bitter about the lack of any concrete fruition of the projects earmarked in my tenure between France and Bengal.

Q. What has been your impression on the former French colonies of Chandernagare. Do you think the preservation work is satisfactory? If not, what are your suggestions?

A. As a Frenchman, I am of course much attached to the remnants of our past in this former trading outpost. The banks of the Hooghly are very nice and I feel something from the French “art de vivre” (art of living) each time I go there. I sadly do not see any serious preservation work done there, and it is even sadder when you think about the huge tourism potential of this area. Every 10 years or so, the government shows an intention to develop cultural tourism here by improving connectivity, renovating heritage building, promoting this unique destination. Nothing takes place afterwards. A few years ago, the French embassy commissioned an inventory of the French heritage building in Chandernagore to Indian architect Aishwarya Tipnis. Of the 100 building she listed, many have been destroyed. Tipnis, with the support of French NGO Vieilles Maisons Francaises is digitalizing the database.

Q. During a meeting with the CM, you expressed France’s interest in investing in Bengal. What’s the progress?

A. I cannot speak on behalf of the many French companies in India. It is true certain companies did not consider Bengal as the best possible place to invest in their fields. The ABG-LDA case in Haldia did not contribute towards sending the right signals back home. Fortunately, there are some success stories: The Accor group opened its first hotel, Novotel, a few months ago and plans to open other hotels in near future; Decathlon (sport equipment) will open stores here in the next few months.

Q. What in your opinion has been your greatest achievement as Consul-General?

As Consul General, that France is back in Kolkata and now active in a wide range of subjects of bilateral interests — culture thanks to Alliance Francaise du Bengale, students exchanges thanks to Campus France, tourism thanks to a very effective visa section that processes all applications for Indian tourists within 48 hours, science — and many others areas of mutual interests and cooperation building blocks laid down in the past few years.

Nothing really has been done to improve the road conditions in India… The same is true for environment protection. I do feel a little bitter about the lack of any concrete fruition of the projects earmarked during my tenure between France and Bengal

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / News Home> City> Kolkata / by Showmak Ghosal, TNN / August 20th, 2015

Food for friendship on freedom day

(From left) Isha Kapoor, Aishwarya Jena, Pragya Jena and Ankita Dokania. Picture by Anindya Shankar Ray
(From left) Isha Kapoor, Aishwarya Jena, Pragya Jena and Ankita Dokania. Picture by Anindya Shankar Ray

Two nations. Seven-hundred-and-fifty volunteers. One lakh food packets for the hungry and homeless.

An army of students and young professionals from across India, including 50 from Calcutta, will distribute food in slums of India and Pakistan on August 14-15 in a unique Independence Day initiative aimed at spreading a message of peace and friendship.

The city chapter of the Robin Hood Army, as they call themselves, is led by Ankita Dokania, a fashion designer, and Chitvan Jaipuria, a wedding and event planner. Also part of the group is Green Oscar winner Ashwika Kapur. “I have been part of the army since its inception. I always do my bit to spread the word when I am not in the jungles,” she said.

It all began in August 2014 with Neel Ghose, a city boy who works with Zomato in Delhi, teaming up with colleague Anand Sinha to form the Robin Hood Army in Delhi. “We procured excess food from restaurants to distribute among the poor. It’s been fulfilling,” said Neel over the phone from Delhi.

The army now operates in 12 cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Hyderabad and Mumbai. The city chapter was born in October 2014 with five of Neel’s friends. Today, there are 50 members and several more volunteers.

In February this year, Neel got in touch with a Pakistani friend who helped form the Lahore and Karachi chapters of the army. Thus was born the idea of commemorating Independence Day. The Calcutta army plans to distribute over 4,000 food packets among slum dwellers in the Kidderpore, Gariahat, Southern Avenue, Park Circus and other areas.

Isha Kapoor, a third-year student of JD Birla College, joined the movement three months ago. “For I-Day I have mobilised my friends to distribute food in their neighbourhoods,” she said. Aishwarya Jena, a third-year student of microbiology at St. Xavier’s College, has been marshalling forces, too.

Pragya Jena, an entrepreneur, remembers a boy who refused to take a packet of khichdi because he wanted another one for his dog. “Such life’s lessons are precious,” she said.

The movement has garnered corporate support. “We hope to involve more people. But for now we want to make people smile on both sides of the border,” Ankita said.

source: http://www.telegraphindia.com / The Telegraph, Calcutta,India / Front Page> Calcutta> Story / by Chandreyee Ghose / Friday – August 14th, 2015

Shy boy to tech showstopper – ‘Sundi’ who sang Anjali

Sundar Pichai, the toast of the technology world, learnt his engineering 110km from Calcutta two decades ago.

In the records of IIT Kharagpur, P. Sundararajan was the topper in metallurgy and material science in the Class of 1993. Outside the classroom, he was known as the ” chhupa rustam” who had wooed and won his life partner from the chemical engineering class without any of his hostel mates getting a whiff of it.

Metro spoke to some of the new Google CEO’s old friends and teachers to get an insight into the man that holds that brilliant mind.

Sourav Mukherji, dean of academic programmes at IIM Bangalore; studied civil engineering at IIT-K and shared the Nehru Hall with Pichai

The world may be hailing Sundar Pichai but to us in Kharagpur, he was Sundi. And he would sing ” Anjali Anjali, pyari Anjali ” all the time.

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We would often hear Sundi hum the lines from the title song of a popular film of our time: Anjali (1990). He loved music and we all thought he sang the song because he liked it. It was much later, after we left Kharagpur, that we realised why he loved this particular song.

It was probably meant for Anjali, the girl from chemical engineering who would become his wife. We all knew Anjali and Sundi knew each other but we never came to know of their relationship in our four years on the campus. It was ‘surprise-surprise’ when we came to know that Sundi and Anjali were seeing each other.

He was a brilliant guy. In fact, a lot of people in the IITs are brilliant. But Sundi was absolutely brilliant. He was the topper in most exams when we were students at IIT. But nobody would call him bookish.

I feel that this (Pichai’s elevation at Google) is a moment of great joy and pride for us as Indians because two of the world’s most powerful IT companies now have Indians as their CEOs (Satya Nadella is the CEO of Microsoft). These gentlemen have truly been able to break the so-called glass ceiling. Twenty years ago, who would have thought that Indians would head powerful American companies, especially companies at the forefront of technology?

Sanat Kumar Roy, professor metallurgy and material science, who taught Pichai

At IIT Kharagpur, we all knew him as P. Sundararajan and it was only in 2012 that we came to know his new name: Sundar Pichai.

It was December 2012 when we got a call from the Wall Street Journal, informing us that Sundar Pichai, an alumnus of our institute, had been appointed vice-president of Google. The journalist wanted details about him.

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We checked our records but couldn’t trace anyone by that name. Later, the journalist gave us a clue: that he had been a recipient of a silver medal. That helped us track P. Sundararajan. Later, we contacted our alumni office in the US to check whether P. Sundararajan and Sundar Pichai were the same person and finally it was they who confirmed it.

I had taught him in all the four years he studied metallurgy and material science here. I found him exceptionally bright.

The IIT selected him for its Distinguished Alumni award this year and he was supposed to receive the honour at the annual convocation that was held recently. He couldn’t attend the event this time but he has promised to visit the institute when he comes to India next.

Phani Bhushan, co-founder of Anant Computing and Pichai’s batchmate and co-boarder at Nehru Hall, where he had stayed at “CTM” (that’s section C, top floor, middle wing)

Sundararajan was a shy person who was more comfortable in small groups, and now he is making speeches and heading a global conglomerate like Google. It is like he has had a personality U-turn.

We are super excited that our batchmate and hall mate has achieved such a feat, although it isn’t as surprising as the news that he married a fellow KGPian, Anjali!

We hall mates and batch mates tend to spend a lot of time together and we thought he was shy about talking to girls. But he turned out to be a chhupa rustam! We wonder how he managed to have a girlfriend without us knowing about it.

Partha Pratim Chakrabarti, director, IIT-KGP

We are all delighted that a student from Kharagpur has achieved this. Sundar Pichai was always a very quiet and studious person. I never taught him but have interacted with him several times. He recently did a video chat with an auditorium full of students who talked to him about everything from life to technology and leadership.

He hasn’t made any public statement as yet. That’s the kind of person he is. He likes to do his work. Sundar has proved that technological leadership can lead to global leadership and has given aspiration to a new generation of IITKgpians that you can achieve global leadership through technological leadership.

He is a quiet worker, a technical wizard, a great thinker and visionary who is also an extremely humble person, quite in sync with his alma mater IIT Kharagpur. He is an Indian who is a global leader and epitomises future generations of Indians.

source: http://www.telegraphindia.com / The Telegraph, Calcutta,India / Front Page> Calcutta> Story / Wednesday – August 12th, 2015

Presi girl on Booker longlist

Anuradha Roy
Anuradha Roy

A former student of Presidency College has been nominated for the Man Booker Prize 2015. Writer-publisher Anuradha Roy’s third novel, Sleeping on Jupiter, was named among 13 novels longlisted for the prestigious £50,000 (around Rs 50 lakh) prize on Wednesday.

“It feels surreal. I had never expected it; didn’t know the longlist was being announced today until my publisher in Britain told me I was on it a couple of hours ago,” Roy, who has been living mostly in Ranikhet for the past 15 years, told Metro from Delhi.

Sleeping on Jupiter is published by MacLehose Press, an imprint of Quercus, in the UK and by Hachette in India.

The 48-year-old writer was born in Calcutta and had attended South Point School till she was about seven. She also spent some years in Sikkim, Ranchi and Hyderabad. She returned to Calcutta to complete her Plus 2 at St. Thomas’ Girls’ School, Kidderpore, and went to Presidency College, graduating in English in 1989.

Thereafter, she went to Cambridge University on a scholarship.

“Presidency meant College Street and lots of Coffee Housing and buying books on loan from the understanding shopkeepers in Boi Para. They were so sympathetic to our perpetually broke condition. I remember Presidency with great affection because I made friends there who are still my closest friends and I had some wonderful teachers,” she said.

source: http://www.telegraphindia.com / The Telegraph, Calcutta,India / Front Page> Calcutta> Story / by Samhita Chakraborty / Thursday – July 30th, 2015

Musicians to accompany Mamata on London trip

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More than 40 industrialists and nearly 20 media personnel are also accompanying the Chief Minister.

Ten musicians and an actor-cum-MP are accompanying West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee on her maiden London trip to attract investment. The list includes vocalist Rashid Khan, harmonium maestro Jyoti Goho, tabla exponent Bickram Ghosh and actor-politician Deepak Adhikari (Dev).

More than 40 industrialists and nearly 20 media personnel are also accompanying the Chief Minister. While the industrialists and the media personnel are paying for their travel and stay, the musicians are going as State guests with the government footing their bills. West Bengal has a debt burden of over Rs 2.5 lakh crore making it one of the most cash-strapped States.

Ms. Banerjee will leave for London on Sunday for five days. During her stay, she will attend several meetings, including one with the Minister of State for Employment, Priti Patel. Dozens of Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) are expected to be signed between the British departments and the West Bengal government in the fields of health, urban planning, transportation, exploration of natural resources, education and trade.

However, the inclusion of actor-MP Deepak Adhikari (Dev) and musicians in the delegation has not gone down well with many. The Ministers usually do not fly artistes to another country to perform, unless there is a particular reason to do so.

Only one event
The musicians will perform for about an hour at the British Historical Museum on July 28. “It will be an opportunity for cultural exchange showcase Bengal’s vibrant culture. It will be the only cultural event during the tour,” said harmonium maestro Jyoti Goho.

Criticising the government’s decision to host so many musicians for an hour-long programme, Left Front chairperson Biman Bose said the Chief Minister’s team would not be able to attract any investment. “It is not clear from the composition of the delegation, if she is going to London for investments or for other reasons. Among the artistes in her delegation, many have already been to London. But for those who have not been there yet, this is an opportunity,” Mr. Bose said.

Reception
The Chief Minister is accompanied by a host of politicians and bureaucrats who will interact with their British counterparts.

The Duke of York, Prince Andrew, will host a reception in her honour.

source: http://www.thehindu.com / The Hindu / Home> News> Cities> Kolkata / by Kolkata Bureau / Kolkata – July 24th, 2015

Leander Paes wins 16th Grand Slam title at Wimbledon

Leander Paes with his Swiss partner Martina Hingis won the mixed doubles title at Wimbledon. (Getty Image)
Leander Paes with his Swiss partner Martina Hingis won the mixed doubles title at Wimbledon. (Getty Image)

London :

A vintage Leander Paes clinched his 16th Grand Slam trophy, winning the mixed doubles event of the Wimbledon Championship with legendary Martina Hingis after a dominating win over Alexander Peya and Timea Babos, here today.

Seventh seed Indo-Swiss pair drubbed the fifth seed Austrian-Hungarian team 6-1 6-1 in the lop-sided summit clash which was over in just 40 minutes.

It was Paes’ eighth mixed doubles title and second with Hingis. They had won the Australian Open early this year.

42-year-old Paes has eight men’s doubles crowns in his Grand Slam collection.

Paes’ win capped an incredibly successful Wimbledon for India as the country took three titles this year. Sania Mirza won the women’s doubles and Saumit Nagal won the junior boys doubles trophy.

For Hingis, it was second title in as many days, having won the women’s doubles with Sania. Overall it was 18th Major title for the Swiss and third in mixed doubles.

Hingis was back on court less than 24 hours after that win with Sania but showed no sign of fatigue. She served well and was terrific at the net, complementing the Indian Pro.

Paes and Hingis literally toyed with Peya and Babos, who surprisingly failed to put any resistance.

In no time Paes and Hingis pocketed the first set as all they needed was 19 minutes to nose ahead. Two broke Babos in the fourth game and Peya in the sixth for a 5-1 cushion. Hingis served out the set when Paes smashed a volley winner.

Paes and Hingis kept the pressure on the Austrian- American combination right from the first game of the second set. Peya failed to negotiate a Paes return at deuce to hand the seventh seeds grabbed the opportunity to break them.

Babos’ could not handle a Hingis return and the Indo- Swiss pair got an early break. There was no stopping them from there as they raced to victory in less than one hour.

Babos failed to hold her serve even once and it was on her return that Paes hit a deft backhand volley winner to close the contest.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / Home> Sports> Tennis> Wimbledon 2015 / by PTI / July 12th, 2015